Which of the following is true about alpha particles?

Alpha particles are indeed characterized by their large mass and charge. Each alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons, which gives them a relatively high mass compared to other types of radiation, such as beta particles and gamma rays. This composition also contributes to their +2 charge, making them positively charged.

The size and charge of alpha particles significantly influence their behavior. Due to their mass and charge, alpha particles have a very limited range in materials and cannot penetrate deeply. They can typically be stopped by a sheet of paper or even the outer layer of human skin. This limited penetration power is a consequence of their interactions with matter, which can lead to quick energy loss.

In terms of detection, while alpha particles can be detected easily, specialized detectors such as scintillation counters or solid-state detectors are typically required, as they cannot penetrate the detector materials like GM counters effectively.

The statement regarding their harmful effects is also true; alpha particles pose a significant health risk primarily when they are inhaled or ingested, as they can cause considerable damage to internal tissues due to their mass and charge. However, outside the body, their limited penetration capability makes them less hazardous.

Thus, the correctness of identifying that alpha particles have a large mass and