What type of radiation consists of two protons and two neutrons?

The type of radiation that consists of two protons and two neutrons is known as alpha particles. This identity of alpha particles is significant because they are essentially helium nuclei, which means they have a core structure of two protons and two neutrons. Their relatively large mass and positive charge contribute to their distinctive interactions with matter, including their limited penetration ability and high ionization potential.

Understanding the characteristics of alpha particles is essential in the field of radiological safety and protection, as they pose a significant health risk when ingested or inhaled due to their ionizing capability, despite being less penetrating compared to other forms of radiation. This also informs practices in handling radioactive materials and understanding their decay processes in radioactive isotopes.