What type of detector can detect all types of radiation with high efficiency?

The scintillation detector is indeed able to detect various types of radiation with high efficiency. This detector functions by utilizing materials that emit light (scintillate) when they interact with ionizing radiation. The emitted light is then converted into an electrical signal for measurement.

Scintillation detectors are particularly sensitive and can detect gamma rays, X-rays, beta particles, and even alpha particles, depending on the scintillating material used. The ability to cover a broad spectrum of radiation types makes scintillation detectors versatile tools in various applications, including environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics. Their high sensitivity and speed of response also contribute to their efficiency in detecting radiation events.

In contrast, other options like the Geiger-Müller counter are generally more suited for detecting beta and gamma radiation but may not be as efficient for alpha radiation. Ionization chambers are effective for measuring high radiation doses but may not perform as well at lower levels compared to scintillation detectors. Thermoluminescent dosimeters are used primarily for personal monitoring of radiation exposure and cannot provide real-time measurements or detect all radiation types effectively.