What is the function of a Geiger-Mueller detector?

The function of a Geiger-Mueller detector is multifaceted, which is why the correct answer encompasses all of the listed capabilities. This type of detector is designed to measure a wide range of ionizing radiation, including alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma radiation.

Firstly, a Geiger-Mueller detector can measure gamma radiation dose rates. It detects the ionization produced by gamma photons as they interact with the gas within the tube, allowing it to quantify the radiation exposure.

Secondly, it is well-equipped to detect both alpha and beta particles. When alpha particles enter the Geiger-Mueller tube, they cause ionization of the gas, which generates a measurable electrical pulse. Beta particles also ionize the gas, demonstrating the detector's sensitivity to different types of radiation.

Lastly, the broad survey capability of the Geiger-Mueller detector makes it a valuable tool for assessing radiation levels in various environments. It can provide real-time readings that are essential for monitoring safety in areas where radiation is present.

This comprehensive functionality justifies the response that includes all aspects of the Geiger-Mueller detector's operational capabilities.